Requirements to be a cottage food operator in Iowa, USA.

Manufacturing food at home for commercial sale is an exciting business venture, and one that can earn you a nice side income. Ensure you protect yourself legally in the state of Iowa by reviewing these cottage food requirements.

Understanding Aspergillus: How this common mould causes aspergillosis and affects your health

Discover the hidden dangers of Aspergillus, a common mould that can cause serious health problems. Learn about aspergillosis, a spectrum of infections ranging from allergic reactions to life-threatening invasive diseases.

Role of bacteriocins in the food industry: What good do they do?

Yi Xu was an industry experience internship student with us between July 22 and August 16. During this time, Yi focused on compiling a series of mini blog articles of around 400 to 500 words. These are more technical than some of our standard blog articles which tend to be in the 800 to 900 word range, and have an intended audience of technical, operations and research/development staff from food manufacturing businesses. Like Tracy Chen, Yi is a 3rd-year Pharmaceutical Science student from the Monash University Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences at the Parkville campus. This is Yi’s first blog article, on bacteriocins, where he sets the scene for what’s to come. In today’s food industry, ensuring the safety and quality of food products is paramount. One of the natural tools at our disposal to achieve this is the use of bacteriocins. But what exactly are bacteriocins, and why are they important in food production? What Are Bacteriocins? Bacteriocins are a type of protein produced by bacteria that can kill or inhibit the growth of other bacteria. They are different from traditional antibiotics because they are generally effective only against specific bacteria, often closely related species. This specificity makes bacteriocins a valuable asset in the food industry, where the goal is to target harmful bacteria without affecting the beneficial ones. How Bacteriocins Work Bacteriocins work by interfering with the cell membranes of target bacteria, leading to the breakdown of the membrane and ultimately the death of the bacterial cell. Some bacteriocins can also inhibit protein synthesis or degrade the DNA of the target bacteria, ensuring that harmful bacteria are effectively neutralized. Applications in Food Safety The most well-known bacteriocin in the food industry is nisin, which has been used as a preservative in various foods since the 1950s. Nisin is effective against a range of harmful bacteria, including Listeria monocytogenes, a common pathogen that can be difficult to control in food products. The U.S. FDA approved nisin for use in pasteurized processed cheese spreads in 1988, setting a precedent for the use of bacteriocins as food additives. Bacteriocins like nisin are particularly useful in ready-to-eat foods, dairy products, and fermented foods, where they help extend shelf life and reduce the risk of foodborne illness without compromising the food’s flavor or nutritional value. Their natural origin and targeted action also align with the growing consumer demand for clean-label products—foods with fewer synthetic additives and preservatives. The Advantages of Bacteriocins One of the major benefits of using bacteriocins in food production is their safety profile. Since they are proteins, they are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory agencies, and they are rapidly digested by enzymes in the human digestive system. This means that they do not accumulate in the body or pose a risk of developing antibiotic resistance, a significant concern with traditional antibiotics. Additionally, bacteriocins are environmentally friendly. They can be produced by naturally occurring bacteria, such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which are already widely used in food fermentation processes. This makes the production and application of bacteriocins a sustainable practice within the food industry. Conclusion Bacteriocins are a powerful tool in the food industry’s arsenal against harmful bacteria. Their natural origin, specificity, and safety make them ideal for use in a wide range of food products. As we continue to refine their application and discover new bacteriocins, these remarkable proteins will undoubtedly contribute to a safer and more sustainable food supply.

South Dakota Cottage Food Law: Food Safety Training Requirements

Originally published on 25 August 2024 by Gavin Van De Walle If you choose to undertake the FoodSafePal South Dakota food handler training, you can get a discount off the training fee by using the discount code “foodsafety1” during the registration. South Dakota cottage food law South Dakota has among the most liberal cottage food law, thanks to a 2022 reform (1). This reform decreased the cost of entry to start a cottage food business while greatly expanding the varieties of food that can be sold. South Dakota cottage food producers must sell directly to consumers in-person at the producer’s primary residence, a farmers’ market, a roadside stand, or another temporary venue. They may not sell through third-party vendors like restaurants, grocery stores, or coffee shops. Approved cottage foods South Dakota cottage food law allows the following foods to be sold: Other foods require producers to complete a food safety training course every five years before selling. These foods include: Alternatively, cottage producers can submit their recipes for verification from a third-party processing authority, but this is a more costly and time-consuming option than taking a short, relatively inexpensive food safety training course. There are no specific requirements for this course other than it must be approved by the South Dakota health department. A South Dakota food handler training course wouldn’t qualify since they don’t cover food preservation techniques. Non-approved cottage foods include meats, poultry (including eggs), jerky, seafood, dairy products, honey, and non-food items like homemade soaps or lotions. Labeling South Dakota cottage food producers must label their products with the following information: The label must also include a disclaimer that states:  “This product was not produced in a commercial kitchen. It has been home-processed in a kitchen that may also possess common food allergens such as tree nuts, peanuts, eggs, soy, wheat, milk, fish, and crustacean shellfish.” Fresh fruits and vegetables, intact salad greens and herbs, non-packaged baked goods, frozen produce, nuts, grains, seeds, dry mixes, and fermented foods don’t require labeling. Summary South Dakota cottage food law allows for the sale of most homemade shelf-stable products. South Dakota requires food safety training to sell other products that require temperature controls. Ready-to-eat food safety Most cottage foods are ready-to-eat, meaning they don’t require further preparation or cooking. As such, it’s important to handle them safely so that you don’t contaminate them with disease-causing organisms called pathogens or other types of food hazards. Here are some tips to handle ready-to-eat (RTE) foods safely: Summary Most cottage foods don’t require further preparation or cooking — they are ready to eat. Keep them safe by washing your hands often, avoiding bare-hand contact, and separating them from raw animal foods. You should also clean and sanitize your equipment and utensils often and store those that require refrigeration on the top shelf. The bottom line Cottage foods refer to food produced by a person in their home and sold by that same person directly to a consumer. Cottage food laws exist to regulate what can and cannot be sold but also to make it easier to start a food business and increase access to local food. South Dakota cottage food law allows for the production and sale of many shelf-stable products, like fresh fruits and vegetables and baked goods. South Dakota requires food safety training or third-party review of recipes for the production and sale of certain temperature-controlled foods. Most cottage foods are ready-to-eat so you must handle them safely to reduce the risk of foodborne illness.

From HPP Innovation Week – Part 2

High Pressure Processing (HPP) is a nonthermal food preservation method that uses high pressure to inactivate microorganisms and extend shelf-life without compromising the natural qualities of various food products. Its advantages over traditional pasteurisation include creating “clean label” foods, preserving visual appeal, and meeting consumer demand for safe, high-quality, minimally processed foods.

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